Search results for "AW [Intelligence agency]"
showing 10 items of 651 documents
Does reviewing experience reduce disagreement in proposals evaluation? Insights from Marie Skłodowska-Curie and COST Actions
2021
Abstract We have limited understanding of why reviewers tend to strongly disagree when scoring the same research proposal. Thus far, research that explored disagreement has focused on the characteristics of the proposal or the applicants, while ignoring the characteristics of the reviewers themselves. This article aims to address this gap by exploring which reviewer characteristics most affect disagreement among reviewers. We present hypotheses regarding the effect of a reviewer’s level of experience in evaluating research proposals for a specific granting scheme, that is, scheme reviewing experience. We test our hypotheses by studying two of the most important research funding programmes i…
Intellectual Property Rights: An Economic Approach
2014
Abstract This paper aims to analyse the intellectual property rights from an economic perspective. The paper is discussing the points of view of well known economists in relation to the positive and negative impacts of the intellectual property systems. It brings also into discussion the role of IPR as a barrier to entry and a mean to restrict competition and to favour monopoly situations.
LA DISTINZIONE TRA DIRITTO PRIVATO E DIRITTO PUBBLICO NEL COMMON LAW INGLESE
2016
La qualità del sughero: metodologie di valutazione e norme tecniche per il sughero grezzo e per i prodotti derivati.
2007
La possibilità di ritrarre dal sughero prodotti derivati dipende fortemente dalla sua qualità. Il termine «qualità» del sughero non è sostenuto da chiari riferimenti normativi e non esiste, allo stato attuale, una metodologia oggettiva per la sua valutazione univocamente accettata. In questi ultimi anni si sta producendo uno sforzo teso all’oggettivazione di metodologie di valutazione della qualità del sughero attraverso la definizione di norme di classificazione e standardizzazione dei prodotti ritraibili e/o attraverso sperimentazioni concernenti l’applicazione sul sughero grezzo o sui prodotti derivati di particolari tecniche utilizzate in altri campi scientifici e/o su altri materiali. …
Farewell to Anarchy : The Myth of International Anarchy and Birth of Anarcophilia in International Relations
2018
This article scrutinizes the conceptual history of international anarchy. The argument purported here is that even though the idea of international anarchy is often seen as very central for the academic discipline of international relations, the concept is in fact not found from the forerunners or classics of the discipline. The assumption of international anarchy is commonly seen as a defining feature of a Realist school of international relations. Yet, the concept and especially its “Realist” implications are not to be found in the classics of Realism, from Thucydides, Machiavelli or Hobbes. The idea of “international anarchy” emerges quite tentatively during the First World War, in the w…
Straw uses trade-off only after soil organic carbon steady-state
2018
Soil organic matter (SOM) is the key for a healthy soil and a relevant property to achieve the sustainability on soil management. However, soils are still net exporters of organic matter. One example is the use of wheat straw residue for industrial and energy applications, which has gained attention in the last years. The offfarm use of this abundant and low cost resource should follow sustainability criteria to avoid soil degradation and SOM losses. Straw residue incorporation is recognized as a recommended management practice to control erosion and mitigate CO2 emissions by increasing SOM. The goal of this work was: i) to evaluate the steady-state carbon (C) level in relation to C input a…
Il giudice disobbediente nel terzo millennio
2020
Il tradizionale quesito del rapporto fra diritto positivo, coscienza del giudice e suo ruolo pubblico viene discusso rispondendo brevemente a domande relative a tre ambiti problematici : la rilevanza della Costituzione, l'incidenza del piano sovranazionale della tutela dei diritti, i limiti delle esternazioni del giudice e della sua possibilità di disapplicare una legge ingiusta. The traditional question of the relationship between positive law, the conscience of the judge and his public role is discussed by briefly answering questions relating to three problematic areas: the relevance of the Constitution, the impact of the supranational level of protection of rights, the limits of the judg…
Disentangling Law and Religion in the Rohingya Case at the International Criminal Court
2021
The Rohingya are one of the most persecuted minorities in the world. Military campaigns conducted by Myanmar against the Rohingya have led to numerous deaths, widespread cases of sexual violence, the destruction of hundreds of villages, and the deportation of more than 700,000 people to Bangladesh. These events have triggered proceedings at the International Criminal Court (ICC). The ICC has arguably failed to address the religious dimensions of crimes and facts in some of its previous jurisprudence appropriately. The entanglement of law and religion at the ICC may lead to an impoverished ratio decidendi and disregard for the victims’ claims. We hence argue that, by disentangling law and re…
Wpływ traktatu lizbońskiego na regulacje imigracyjne UE ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zasady solidarności i sprawiedliwego podziału odpowiedzialności…
2018
The Influence of the Treaty of Lisbon on the EU Immigration Regulations with Particular Attention to the Principle of Solidarity and Fair Sharing of Responsibility Between Member StatesAnalysis of the influence of the Treaty of Lisbon on the EU immigration regulations with particular attention to the principle of solidarity and fair sharing of responsibility between Member States indicates that the Treaty of Lisbon extensively reformed these regulations. Its premise and mechanisms should be assessed as justified. However, they give a lot of leeway for interpretation and need to be supplementedwith EU secondary law. Unfortunately, states are primarily driven by their interest when applying t…
Folkerettspragmatisme
2020
Sammendrag Mens rettspragmatisk tenkning er godt etablert i norsk rett, kan det se ut som om norske jurister har valgt en mer formalistisk tilnærming til folkeretten. Etter å ha gjort kort rede for de teoretiske hovedretningene innenfor folkerettslig teori og påpekt fallgruven ved en for formalistisk tilnærming til folkeretten, lanserer forfatteren det han refererer til som «folkerettspragmatisme». En rettspragmatisk tilnærming til folkeretten skiller seg fra en realistisk tilnærming ved at den ikke stiller som krav til folkerettens gyldighet at den må være i overensstemmelse med (snevre) nasjonale interesser. Samtidig skiller folkerettspragmatismen seg fra en formalistisk tilnærming til fo…